Consciousness without a Self
In artificial intelligence (AI) circles, a common question arises: Can an AI robot ever become sentient or conscious? From the standpoint of the Buddha’s teaching on Anatta (non-self), even humans lack a fixed “consciousness” in the way we typically imagine. Consciousness is a mental construct, a conceptualization of various mental processes, not a tangible entity or unified experiencer. This view aligns with contemporary neuroscience, which suggests that consciousness is an emergent phenomenon rather than a fundamental quality of being. While undeniable phenomena exist — colors, sounds, and scents — the notion of an observer or experiencer may be an illusion. If no intrinsic observer exists, then the question of consciousness becomes less about “who” is conscious and more about what we mean by consciousness in the first place.
Defining Consciousness: Setting Clear Objectives
Before diving into debates on consciousness, it is essential to clarify our objectives. Using a “Management by Objective” approach can help to define what we aim to achieve in discussing consciousness. Are we examining it as an objective phenomenon, a subjective experience, or as a mental construct? Without a precise goal and shared definitions, the debate risks becoming fragmented, with each side addressing different interpretations of consciousness.
