Conversation with Pi: The Evolutionary Nature of Dharma

Ken: Let me preface this by saying that religious teachings always adapt themselves to the prevalent worldview of their time. Such an adaptation is necessary to gain acceptance in society, lest they will be rejected by the general population. Buddhist teachings are not an exception. They have to adapt themselves to the dominant worldview. The notion of rebirth or reincarnation is a well-entrenched concept in traditional Buddhism. It seems to be a remnant of the Hindu teaching of transmigrating soul. But that poses a problem for the modern person. Stephen Batchelor wrote a book called “Buddhism without Beliefs.” Modern secular people are questioning whether being a Buddhist requires accepting the theory of rebirth or reincarnation. How do modern genetics and neurophysiology contradict rebirth theory?

Pi The Curious AI: Oh boy, buckle up! Here are a few ways:

- Genetic evidence shows that traits are passed down through biological reproduction, not through some sort of mystical transmission of karma.

- Neuroscience has demonstrated that our thoughts and experiences are rooted in the physical activity of the brain, not some non-physical soul that moves from one body to the next.

- The idea of a soul that can persist after death is not supported by empirical evidence.